Need to Know: November 13, 2020

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: There are many plans to save local journalism (Poynter)

But did you know: The people who broke local journalism can’t be the ones to save it (The Mendocino Voice)

The need to save local journalism has become a truism during the pandemic, but the loudest voices on the subject often come from the insiders, legacy outlets and tech companies that led to the downfall of local journalism to begin with, write Olivia Henry and Jesse Hardman. Allowing federal money to go to newspaper and TV chains only reinforces current hierarchies, while tech companies’ support of journalism is often more grounded in good PR. Henry and Hardman write that the focus on rebuilding local news should be on serving communities, often through non-traditional methods like social media and community bulletins, and money should go to encouraging on-the-ground reporting, not maintaining current business structures.

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+ Noted: Trump eyes digital media empire to take on Fox News (Axios); About 500 people are taking buyouts at Gannett (Poynter); Bustle Digital Group unionizes with Writers Guild of America East (Variety)

API UPDATE

In this week’s edition of ‘Factually’

The next COVID-19 misinformation wave, the rise of Parler, and why hashtag typos are a favorite tactic of disinformation agents. Factually is a weekly newsletter produced by API and the Poynter Institute that covers fact-checking and misinformation.  

TRY THIS AT HOME 

City Limits made a voter guide for judicial elections — and readers loved it (Medium, LION Publishers)

Last month, in the run-up to Election Day, New York City-based City Limits was focused on judicial elections, producing a judicial ballot guide that earned six times more views than the site’s other high-ranking posts. The newsroom also partnered with Gotham Gazette and WNYC to build an interactive app for voters, which broadened the project’s reporting capabilities and its readership. The partnership with WNYC allowed for reporters to appear on the radio, providing exposure to a broader audience. And the site launched an election newsletter that was so successful that it will continue, transitioning to a focus on the 2021 mayoral election in New York City.

OFFSHORE

Taiwan is beating political disinformation. The West can too. (Foreign Policy)

Disinformation spread widely last winter in Taiwan in the run-up to its presidential election, but the country’s proactive approach to fighting it seems to have succeeded. Civic-minded technologists work to debunk and downvote conspiracy theories on social media, while volunteers research suspicious-sounding claims on a popular chatbot. Taiwan FactCheck Center serves as an independent database of debunking misinformation. At the same, the government has set up public debates online that highlight consensus opinions and minimize fringe ideas. Media literacy trucks travel the country to help people learn to spot fake news, and laws punish groups that knowingly receive foreign money to distribute misinformation.

+ India’s move to regulate digital media raises censorship fears (The Guardian)

OFFBEAT

The guardians of Wikipedia’s climate page: An intensely devoted core keeps a bastion of climate science honest (Mashable)

Over the past few years, a team of seven have become the primary editors of Wikipedia’s English-language climate change entry, which received over 6 millions views in 2019. As climate misinformation spreads around the web, they are focused on meticulously maintaining the page, citing hundreds of credible sources while attempting to make the science accessible to all. The work is unpaid and often tedious — one editor estimates that he spent 90 hours and read 3,000 pages of research to re-write one section of the page. The de facto leader of the editors, Femke Nijsse, says she logs in every day to review edits and suggestions for the page.

UP FOR DEBATE

Don’t let Biden’s victory cloud the issue: Journalism needs to reach Americans again (Columbia Journalism Review)

In the wake of the presidential election, many journalists may find it tempting to believe that a sense of normalcy may return to the industry. But with only 9% of Americans telling Pew Research Center that they have a “great deal of trust” that the media works in their best interest, much of the good journalism done to combat online misinformation has fallen on deaf ears. James Ball writes that the way forward is not more fact-checking or introspection, but more storytelling that reflects the lives of all Americans. 

SHAREABLE

False choices: There’s no ‘right’ way to build a sustainable media business (Substack, The Rebooting)

It’s tempting to view every issue as a binary choice, including the decisions that go into building a media business — but that kind of thinking can lead to unnecessary limits, writes Brian Morrissey. Choosing between subscriptions and advertising fails to tap the benefits of a combined model, while sacrificing user experience for monetization overlooks the fact that giving loyal consumers a high-quality product leads to more success in the long run. Data and common sense shouldn’t face off against each other but work in harmony, adds Morrissey, and the idea that niche means permanently small overlooks the great potential of targeted news to scale.

FOR THE WEEKEND

+ How a lawsuit challenging coronavirus restrictions led to a massive data story tracing COVID-19 clusters in Nashville (Twitter, @BrettKelman)

+ How the Neighborhood Media Foundation provides a collaborative blueprint for local journalism in Ohio (Medium, Center for Cooperative Media)

+ A Q&A with Matthew Desmond on Evicted, moratoriums, and humanizing housing coverage (Columbia Journalism Review)

+ How The Shade Room, a media company focused on Black culture, harnessed its massive community to register people to vote (Nieman Lab)

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Factually: The next COVID-19 misinformation wave

Pfizer’s announcement this week that it had a 90% effective vaccine against COVID-19 provided a glimpse of the wave of mis- and disinformation that could engulf any effort to bring about broad distribution – and acceptance – of such a vaccine.

The announcement itself was the subject of a conspiracy theory: that it came out after the election so that voters couldn’t give the Trump administration credit for it.

“Miraculous. COVID cured, the very instant the networks called the race for Biden,” tweeted Republican Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas.

Asked by CNN’s Sanjay Gupta about the timing, Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said the news happened when it did because “the science brought it at exactly this time. We announced it the moment we learned about it.”

Trump himself blamed government regulators for the post-election timing. His son Donald Trump Jr. suggested it was “nefarious.”

But there might be a silver lining here. An effort by Trump to take credit for development of the vaccine could be interpreted as an endorsement of it, and thus offset the anti-vaccination misinformation circulating in the online circles that many of his followers inhabit.

That is important because of the growing online intersection of vaccine hesitancy and anti-government conspiracy theories. As First Draft’s Claire Wardle told The Daily Beast’s Kelly Weill this week, new research by the nonprofit organization showed that vaccine disinformation “was no longer limited to hardcore anti-vaxxers, but had spread through a constellation of right-wing movements.”

In another report from the London-based Center for Countering Digital Hate, which argued that social media companies had not done enough to combat anti-vaxxers, an accompanying poll of U.S. voters found a “major gap” in vaccine hesitancy between those who voted in 2016 for Hillary Clinton (29%) and those for Trump (55%).

“This suggests a push by the President and his party to persuade their base could be valuable,” wrote the report’s author, Imran Ahmed, the center’s CEO.

To be sure, anti-vaxxers are motivated by a number of different factors, not just their partisan preferences. But at a politically polarized time that seems to demand sides-taking, the worst outcome would be for one “side” or the other to align itself with misinformation about a COVID-19 vaccine that has the scientific community behind it.

In that sense, the development of a vaccine in the politically brackish waters of a lame-duck presidency and Congress – and efforts by politicians who have a following to take credit for it – might not be the worst thing.

– Susan Benkelman, API

. . . politics

• The disinformation machines after the U.S. presidential election was called for Joe Biden shifted into high gear, with much of the false information coming from those who claimed the outcome was “rigged.” President Trump’s tweets were flagged numerous times by Twitter.
  • CNN’s Donie O’Sullivan explained how a movement called “stop the steal” convinced Trump supporters the election was stolen from him.
  • The Washington Post reported on Facebook’s takedown of a network of webpages tied to Steve Bannon promoting #stopthesteal falsehoods.
  • In a Twitter thread, a Biden spokesman harshly criticized Facebook, saying it was “shredding the fabric of our democracy.”
  • Factually alum Daniel Funke summarized for PolitiFact how the president, his family, and his campaign helped to either amplify or create falsehoods about the election.
  • Buzzfeed’s Jane Lytvynenko and Craig Silverman created a running list of post-election falsehoods.

. . . technology

• Business Insider’s Allana Akhtar profiled the social media platform Parler that has become a haven for election disinformation after crackdowns by larger platforms like Twitter and Facebook.
  • The platform advertises itself as “non-biased free speech social media.”
  • Popular conservative commentators and politicians like Sean Hannity and Texas Sen. Ted Cruz have promoted the platform as an alternative to “Silicon Valley censorship.”
• Writing in The New York Times opinion section, Emily Dreyfuss from the Shorenstein Center at Harvard explained how a hashtag with a typo was designed to avoid social media companies’ efforts to take down the content.
  • “Called #typosquatting, this tactic is often used by trolls and media manipulators to get around the rules of social media platforms,” she wrote.

. . . science and health

• As noted above, there have been many questions about whether the social media platforms, and the public, are prepared for the deluge of misinformation surrounding vaccines. In the United Kingdom, tech giants Google, Facebook and Twitter agreed to work with the government to stamp out vaccine disinformation, the Telegraph reported.
• But there are concerns that the companies are not doing enough. Some highlights:
  • From Health Affairs: Facebook’s latest attempt to address vaccine misinformation — and why it’s not enough
  • From Vox: Is social media ready for a Covid-19 vaccine?
  • From Guardian Opinion: We must prevent a vaccine “infodemic” from fuelling the Covid pandemic

This past week and a half has been a veritable fact-checking Super Bowl, with fact-checkers in the United States and beyond working overtime to quickly verify or debunk an avalanche of false claims related to the 2020 election. All of them deserve our heartfelt praise and gratitude, but there’s not enough space in this newsletter to do them justice, so we’re going to focus on this fact-check by PolitiFact of a video purporting to show ballot stuffing in Flint, Mich. This claim was also tackled by Agence France Presse, Reuters, and the Associated Press.

Through reverse image search, fact-checkers were able to discover the video was part of 2018 reporting by The Washington Post about ballot stuffing during Russian elections. Many also pointed to the numerous double-headed eagles, a Russian state symbol, scattered around the polling place as a clue that the video may be suspect.

What we liked: This fact-check is emblematic of the importance of stopping before we share. Falsehoods like this one use the appearance of veracity combined with the hope viewers will not look too closely before they further the spread of misinformation. While the Russian eagles are easy for fact-checkers to spot, intense emotions and a tsunami of falsehoods makes it more difficult for the public. Fact-checks like these can help them see the way.

 – Harrison Mantas, IFCN

1. The Trump campaign created a fake image of The Washington Times calling the 2000 presidential election for Al Gore in an effort to show the fallibility of news outlets in calling presidential races. The newspaper responded on Twitter.
2. QAnon is having an identity crisis, The Washington Post reported.
3. Disinformation is a threat to democracy, wrote the editorial board of the Times News in Erie, Pa. after a false claim of an Erie County poll worker tossing out ballots went viral.
4. Laura Weffer, writing for Poynter, summarized how the members of the IFCN-organized FactChat alliance tackled Election Day disinformation.
5. The Washington Post’s chief fact-checker, Glenn Kessler, reflected on four years of covering President Trump, and pondered post-Trump fact-checking.​​​​​​

That’s it for this week! Feel free to send feedback and suggestions to factually@poynter.org. Thanks for reading.

Susan and Harrison

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Need to Know: November 12, 2020

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: Despite audiences overwhelmingly focusing on free coronavirus stories, publishers still saw a rise in subscriptions in the spring (Medill Local News Initiative)

But did you know: News publishers dial up the marketing heat on their subscription products (Digiday)

Armed with more data about what drives their readers to subscribe, and struggling to make up for deep advertising losses from earlier in the year, many publishers are promoting their subscriptions more aggressively as 2020 wears on, writes Max Willens. Research from paywall provider Piano has found that, among its publisher customers, the median percentage of site visitors who were shown a subscription offer was nearly three times higher in September than it was in March. The trend extends beyond Piano’s customer base, with publishers like Tribune, Gannett and the Dallas Morning News experimenting with different kinds of subscription offers while simultaneously tightening their paywalls.

+ Earlier: How to design a subscription offer page that doesn’t confuse customers or drive them away

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+ Noted: Editor Gabriel Escobar promoted to Philadelphia Inquirer’s top newsroom job (Philadelphia Inquirer); The Kansas City Star to move from downtown building, shift printing operations (Kansas City Star)

API UPDATE

How a COVID-19 timeline drove subscriptions for the San Antonio Express-News (Better News)

As the coronavirus took hold within its community, The San Antonio Express-News created a timeline to display updates including daily COVID-19 case counts, hospitalizations, new or updated stay-home orders, and testing site information. The short blurbs contain the need-to-know information, while links lead back to longer, paywalled stories. “The COVID-19 timeline has driven more subscriptions in 2020 than any other single story on our website — 600-plus to date — by a large margin,” write Randi Stevenson, Joy-Marie Scott and Chris Quinn. This story is part of a series on Better News that showcases innovative and experimental ideas that emerge from Table Stakes, the newsroom training program; and shares replicable tactics that benefit the news industry as a whole.

TRY THIS AT HOME

How a ‘news harvest’ works (Twitter, @thensim0nsaid)

Residents of communities with no reliable local news source tend to get their information piecemeal, from a variety of sources that may or may not be credible. The Bloomfield Information Project is experimenting with a solution to that problem, by identifying and monitoring civic news and information sources within a community, and then bringing that information directly to readers via email newsletter. It is also published (automatically, using Zapier) online and to Instagram and Twitter. The process helps overcome local news’ “last mile” problem, writes Simon Galperin, in which supply-chain inefficiencies disrupt access to a public good.

+ To print and laminate: 22 questions journalists can ask to increase understanding between polarized factions and help resolve conflict (Twitter, @soljourno)

OFFSHORE

Why South Africa’s Mail and Guardian distribution strategy is ‘WhatsApp-first’ (Twipe)

As an antidote to the rampant spread of misinformation on WhatsApp, the most widely-used social media platform in South Africa, the Mail and Guardian packages its weekly edition into a format that is easy to read and share on WhatsApp. The digital version is designed to look like a high-quality broadsheet, laid out on a PDF the size of a postcard, with articles trimmed down to about 250 words for an improved reading experience. Each edition is also accompanied by a quiz that allows readers to test their understanding of the week’s news, an element that has helped increase engagement with the product.

OFFBEAT

How do audiences view the boundaries between journalists and social media content creators? (RQ1)

Despite the internet blurring lines between journalism and opinion-based content, audiences still acknowledge distinctions between journalists who are influential on social media, and social media “influencers” whose content is not journalistic in nature. In a new study, participants said they expect journalists to be authoritative and objective — but they also largely held influencers to the same standards of authority and objectivity, registering concern that many market-driven creators had begun “posting incessantly, forsaking more substantive material to appease advertisers’ demands and try to capitalize on a relentless attention economy” — a complaint that has also been increasingly leveled at journalists in the digital era.

UP FOR DEBATE

Now we need to rebuild local newsrooms (Columbia Journalism Review)

For years, journalists (and their audiences) have been adjusting to “decaying standards” as round after round of cutbacks have sapped the resources of local news outlets. Journalists need to call more attention to this problem, writes Lauren Harris. In the wake of the election and in the midst of the pandemic, it’s the perfect opportunity for journalists to craft specific appeals that underline the importance of local news to democracy. As an example, Harris points to research that showed that more than eight of 10 voters prize compromise and finding common ground. “Why not address this concern by highlighting studies that have shown a correlation between declining local news coverage and more partisan voting?” she suggests.

+ Earlier: How The Day used its free pandemic coverage to explain its financial challenges and ask for donations — and ended up raising more than $90,000 from community members (Better News)

+ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution puts its editorial claiming Republican Sens. Loeffler and Perdue “have assaulted Georgia’s election system” above the front-page banner with the label “Our Opinion,” which could confuse readers over whose opinion it is (Twitter, @BGrueskin)

SHAREABLE

A local reporter lost her job in Clayton County, Ga. — but she kept reporting the news. It paid off on election week. (The Washington Post)

After she was laid off from her local paper in April, Robin Kemp never missed a beat. She started her own nonprofit news site, the Clayton Crescent, and last week, as Joe Biden hovered on the precipice of overtaking President Trump in Georgia, Kemp was the only reporter to watch all 21 hours of Clayton County’s marathon tabulation of absentee votes, from about 9 a.m. Thursday to 5 a.m. Friday. As it turned out, the absentee ballots from Clayton County — the heart of the late civil rights icon Rep. John Lewis’s old district — helped push Biden into the lead. “That’s what’s always on my mind when I go and show up somewhere: It’s because someone needs to be there,” Kemp said. In the days that followed, Kemp’s fledgling news site has seen a flood of readers and donations — more than $10,000.

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Need to Know: November 11, 2020

OFF THE TOP 

You might have heard: Nonprofit ownership may be an answer to the crisis facing local newspapers (GHB)

But did you know: How a crop of startups are trying to make for-profit local news work (Digiday)

A new crop of media executives sees for-profit local news as a space with potential, and audiences “begging for news.” Jim VandeHei of Axios, which is launching four local newsletters next year, says the key is “to go in relatively small with clear-eyed expectations.” He told Digiday that they expect to be able to assess the success of the newsletters quickly, and that success in one city will probably indicate success elsewhere. Meanwhile David Plotz, formerly of Atlas Obscura, is launching a network of local news podcasts that will be hosted by local journalists. His plan is to pool ads between the podcasts to sell a larger audience to national advertisers.

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+ Noted: Military Veterans in Journalism announces a $250,000 investment from the Knight Foundation (Poynter); Deadline to start a new ONA Local group is Friday, Nov. 20 (Twitter, @ONA); Local Legal Initiative in Oklahoma expands legal support for local investigative and enterprise journalism (RCFP); Reuters launches new business line aimed at professionals (Axios); L.A. Times and Tribune agree to settle pay-disparity lawsuit for $3 million (Los Angeles Times)

API UPDATE

Why the Philadelphia Inquirer is investing in service journalism

We spoke with Megan Griffith-Greene, service features editor for the Philadelphia Inquirer, about why the Inquirer is expanding its service desk and how it has shaped reporting from across the newsroom. The two main goals for the desk, Griffith-Greene says, are creating stories that are both actionable and accessible. Actionable stories enable readers to take specific actions based on the information they’re given; accessibility refers to making stories easy to read, understand and remember.

TRY THIS AT HOME

ProPublica experiments with ultra-accessible plain language in stories about people with disabilities (Nieman Lab)

For ProPublica’s recent piece about the Arizona’s Division of Developmental Disabilities, it decided to publish four versions of the story — English, Spanish, audio and plain language. The plain language was written in short sentences, using common words and a clear structure, to allow people with intellectual and developmental disabilities to read the piece. The plain language version was written by Becca Monteleone, a professor of disability studies at the University of Toledo, and is believed to be the first of its type in a mainstream publication. The reporters emphasized that the version was written with the help of experts who know how to carefully and inclusively write in plain language, rather than simply “dumbing it down.”

OFFSHORE

‘In digital, the right-wing material is 24/7’: How Sky News quietly became Australia’s biggest news channel on social media (Business Insider)

While conservative, Fox News-style television channel Sky News Australia isn’t catching on in Australia, the brand’s online operation has made it one of the most popular digital outlets in the country. Its viewership on YouTube trumps other news organizations in the country, and its Facebook posts have been shared more than the top five traditional news outlets combined — all in its first year of existence. The channel’s success online came after it began focusing on longer, opinion-oriented pieces, which were often cross-posted across other News Corporation websites. Part of the brand’s success has come from targeting a global audience, with many of its most popular videos focusing on U.S. politics.

+ Why Canada’s media industry is in more danger than you think — and what we can do to save it (The Star)

OFFBEAT

In a relentless news cycle, social media managers are feeling the weight (Medium, OneZero)

As social media has become more toxic or overwhelming for many users, social media managers have struggled. Managing social media accounts, whether for a brand or a newsroom, means trying to push a cohesive narrative while staying up to date on all relevant news, all while being exposed to harassment and abuse. Managing social media often means crafting and maintaining the public image and voice of a company, but corporations often view social media management as low-level and simple (and pay accordingly). And with the never-ending news cycles of politics and COVID-19, social media managers are burning out.

UP FOR DEBATE

Journalists can benefit by thinking for themselves in an age of polling (ProPublica)

In the wake of the presidential election, the inaccuracy of polls is once again a hot topic. But ProPublica editor-in-chief Stephen Engelberg argues that the real lesson of 2020, and 2016, is not an overreliance on polls specifically, but too much confidence in predicting the future, by any means. He admits that his own publication failed to investigate stories surrounding President Trump in the summer of 2016, confident that he would lose the election. He also cites the example of the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, in which many media outlets immediately assumed the culprits were Islamic terrorists and made reporting decisions accordingly, while one small newsroom, Inter Press, avoided the groupthink and correctly reported on suspicions that the attack was perpetrated by far-right domestic terrorists.

+ Related: One pollster’s explanation for why the polls got it wrong: “The kind of people who answer polls are really weird, and it’s ruining polling” (Vox)

SHAREABLE

Turns out there are a few things about obituaries that need rethinking (Poynter)

Obituaries are a staple of local newspapers, and have become one of the few reliable sources of income as ad revenues have shrunk. But, Kristen Hare writes, by charging for obits, papers are leaving people out; she found that most lengthy obituaries are written about white men. One option is for news outlets to view obits as a public service, and perhaps ask for donations rather than charge an up-front fee. Or, newspapers could hire freelance journalists and charge an additional fee for a professional obit. “That doesn’t help with my first question about equity and inclusion, I know,” writes Hare. “But it might help put some people back to work.”

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Why the Philadelphia Inquirer is investing in service journalism

With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic in March 2020, many newsrooms began pouring energy and resources into producing news that audiences could use to navigate the crisis as it pertained to their lives — whether they were dealing with sickness or job loss, adapting to at-home schooling and childcare, or merely trying to make sense of the whole rapidly changing situation.

Megan Griffith-Greene, service features editor of the Philadelphia Inquirer

The Philadelphia Inquirer, which had recently installed a service desk, had already been focused on the “news you can use” approach, applying it to reporting from across the newsroom. But the pandemic prompted the desk’s expansion, leading not only to stories that helped Philadelphians stay safe and informed regarding COVID-19, but also to projects that helped readers make decisions relating to the civil rights protests, voting, gun ownership and more.

We spoke with the Inquirer’s service features editor, Megan Griffith-Greene, about how the service desk works with the rest of the newsroom, the twin principles that shape its work — and why it’s time for journalists to start giving “service journalism” the respect it deserves.

Q: Tell us about your role and the role of the service desk as a whole.

A: The Inquirer’s service desk is relatively new. I took it over in November 2019, and we expanded it significantly in March 2020 at the start of the pandemic, when everything in the world was new, and hard, and scary and confusing. There was an undeniable need for clear information about how to make sense of everything that was happening around us, what the rules were, what the science meant, and how to stay safe.

I now have three dedicated writers, and also work with reporters and editors across the newsroom to identify and execute service-focused ideas.

I have a very expansive view about what service journalism is. At its heart: It’s about connecting the news to our readers’ lives. OK, so now they know what’s going on, but what can they do about it? How do they use the information we provide to live better lives? Make smarter decisions? How can they better understand what’s happening and feel more engaged in the world because of it?

Our two main goals as a desk are creating stories that are actionable and accessible. Actionable stories are useful and practical; they help people make better decisions. Accessible stories mean they are easy to read, understand and remember, and we use a variety of techniques to break up the text and make it easier to absorb. We use active and conversational language, talk directly to the reader, and use subheads, bullet points and bold text to draw the eye and let people know what’s important. People shouldn’t have to hunt for the useful takeaways; we should always clearly signpost what people will learn from a story and make it easy to find the information that is relevant to them.

Service journalism is about connecting the news to our readers’ lives. OK, so now they know what’s going on, but what can they do about it?

“ ”

We make our stories easy to find through search, so people can locate clear and accurate information, and we try to build evergreen content, updating it when necessary, so when people do find it, it’s the right information.

On the desk, we work on a number of themes, including the pandemic (what the rules are and what’s safe), community and racial justice (how to make sense of and engage with this moment in our history), economic impact (how to access resources you need), and civic engagement (how to be better engaged in your city and understand your rights). We also oversee our Curious Philly Hearken project, where readers ask us questions and tell us what stories they want us to report.

Some of our bigger projects include:

• Answering specific reader questions about the pandemic (submitted through our Curious Philly Hearken embeds)
• Our tenants’ rights guide
• A how-to-vote guide, which we were thrilled to be able to offer in five languages because of an API grant
• A series on how to safely enjoy Philly during the pandemic
• Our Black and Blue project about the history of police violence against Black people in Philly
• Our breakdown of current pandemic rules in Philly, Pennsylvania and New Jersey
• Other evergreen resources including what to know if you get arrested at a protest, an explainer about gun rules, what to do if you’re denied unemployment, how to be an ally to the trans community, and others.

Q: Do service stories always originate from the service desk, or does your team ever take reporting from other areas and adapt it from a “service” perspective?

A: We do both. We collaborate with other desks in a number of ways. The service capacity of a newsroom is greater when it’s part of how everyone thinks about their work, and not siloed to one editor or group of reporters.

So, often, we’ll flag ideas to a specific desk, and they can take it on themselves, work with us, or let us run with it, and they can be as involved as they want or have time to be.

And often desks flag their own ideas — and great ones! And I am here to support those stories in any way it’s welcome and helpful, from the initial brainstorming to formatting suggestions to editing, or all of the above. There’s been a real enthusiasm across the newsroom for this kind of work, which fills me with joy.

The service capacity of a newsroom is greater when it’s part of how everyone thinks about their work.

“ ”

One thing I often say: Many reporters are already writing service; they’re just weaving the information into their pieces. So my challenges to them are: How can we center the reader’s needs? How can we make something that will be useful in weeks or months? How can we make the information easier to find and use to take a specific action?

Q: You mentioned your team has expanded since the beginning of the pandemic. What was the strategy for doing that and how did you advocate for it to happen?

A: There’s been great support from the top in building our service muscle in the newsroom; it has been a priority for longer than I’ve been in the role. The pandemic was the first real test to see what that could really look like. It was part of a much bigger strategy, at the beginning of the pandemic, on how we could best deploy resources to take on this new reality, not knowing how long the pandemic would dominate our lives. As it turns out, quite a long time. It was quick thinking, and it was a really smart way to think about how our desks could better serve readers. And one desk that got a significant boost was service.

And it paid off immediately. We started by focusing on answering really narrow questions about the pandemic, and presenting clear, straightforward information. Can I get the coronavirus from mail or food delivery? What stores are offering seniors’ hours? Should I wash my clothes after I go outside? How can I make a mask? What should I do if I’m laid off or furloughed? People were feeling really lost and confused, and we were here to tell them: It’s OK, here’s what the science means; here’s some advice. Don’t panic.

Since then we’ve expanded the kinds of topics we take on, but not that fundamental approach, which is about making people less afraid and more informed: It’s OK, we’re here to help.

Q: How do you track how audiences are engaging with reporting from the service desk?

A: Absolutely! It’s important to measure what’s working and what’s not, and use that data to inform decisions. We have an excellent analytics team here at the Inquirer that I lean on for insight to help make decisions and evaluate the gains we’ve made. One thing that’s important is that we’re building a stable of evergreen stories that will continue to be useful over time, which is a little bit of a different race than news stories are running, but it’s still important to check our assumptions both about our story choice and how we’ve packaged it.

Q: Do you think misconceptions about service journalism get in the way of doing reporting that is truly useful for people?

A: Hoo boy. I could write a novel to answer this question. I get a little evangelical about how service journalism needs to be central to how any newsroom thinks about its mission. It’s endlessly fascinating to me that traditionally, newsrooms think that service work is not capital-J journalism. It comes out of a very old-school, and outdated, idea of what we do. Somehow, “serious journalism” is seen — by a decreasing cohort — as only Pulitzer-worthy, 10,000-word essays in the Atlantic or New Yorker or New York Times, and “news you can use” is derided, associated with listicles, how-to’s, and women’s magazines (don’t even get me started on the incredible sexism that underlies this association).

Don’t get me wrong, I love a good, deep longread. I love investigative journalism. But if we think of what we want to be as newsrooms, who we want our readers to be, and how we want to function in our communities, we have to think about not just getting the information, but making it actionable and accessible, about increasing understanding, making people feel informed and giving them the tools to be more involved. In a way, modern journalism is about service. It’s reader-centric, and uses the tools we have to make our stories easier to read and understand.

Which is how, as a newsroom, you become essential to readers.

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Need to Know: November 10, 2020

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: Local journalists are DIYing important coverage via email (Nieman Lab) 

But did you know: Email newsletters are a game-changer for local news (Medill Local News Initiative)

Newsletters are the product du jour of journalism, but many local news outlets, particularly those that invested heavily in blogs or video in the past, may be hesitant to jump into another trend. But email may be just the way for news outlets that no longer reach their readers in print every morning to still have daily contact with their audience. Studies have found that newsletter readers are more likely to maintain a subscription to a local news outlet, and they bring in new readers who can then be converted to subscribers. Newsletters are also highly customizable and can be used to micro-target audiences, and they give readers a personal experience.

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+ Noted: Public Media for All’s “Day of Action” today aims to highlight the lack of diversity in public media (Columbia Journalism Review); Applications are open for the NewStart Fellowship Program from West Virginia University, which trains the next generation of local media owners (NewStart)

API UPDATE

API and REJ to help publishers of color connect community listening and revenue

Borealis Philanthropy’s Racial Equity in Journalism Fund and API announced a partnership today to help publishers of color explore how listening and in-depth engagement with specific audience segments can lead to stronger journalism and new revenue streams. Over the next year, API and REJ together will provide audience development research and coaching to four publishers of color through a new Listening & Sustainability Lab.

+ How to respond to claims that “the media” is helping steal the election: Explain (or point to other explanations) how the electoral process works, journalists’ role in calling elections, and how you will cover the Trump campaign’s legal challenges. And, writes Lynn Walsh, “Continue to dismiss claims that are not based in facts. Some people may never be convinced, and that’s out of your control. But do your best to correct the public record around your journalism.” (Trusting News)

TRY THIS AT HOME

How news publishers can seize opportunities in the pandemic to renew and rebuild (What’s New In Publishing) 

In a new book from Lucy Kueng at Reuters, she explores ways that publishers can reboot after the pandemic. By tripling down on data, she writes, news outlets can focus on creating the most valuable products for their consumers. At the same time, this is a perfect time to “clear the junk” that is no longer working, whether legacy products that are now irrelevant, innovation projects that never took off or newsroom processes that are no longer necessary. The pandemic caused a major cultural shift, and news publishers can take advantage of this time of upheaval to change business practices for the better.

+ Earlier: How the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel focused on prioritizing with a “Stop Doing” list (Better News); Cutting back on content could boost reader loyalty (Medill Local News Initiative)

OFFSHORE

Venezuelan media form fact-checking alliance for controversial legislative elections (LatAm Journalism Review)

Fact-checking organizations in Venezuela have formed a collaboration to verify data and fight misinformation in the run-up to the country’s legislative elections on Dec. 6. Venezuela Verifica brings fact-checkers from seven organizations to publish fact checks on the websites and social media accounts of member organizations. The group also plans to launch a website to serve as a repository for all of the content it produces. One of the early goals will be standardizing the verification parameters, and adjusting the various fact-checking mechanisms and tags used by the different organizations to be cohesive across the alliance.

OFFBEAT

Can Spotify be the one to convince people to pay for podcasts? (Nieman Lab)

When Spotify launched, charging a monthly fee to stream any music was not intuitive, but it’s been a success for the company and its imitators. Now the platform is reportedly considering a similar subscription model for podcasts, though it may face an even harder uphill battle. For one, most podcasts are free, and previous attempts to charge listeners have not succeeded. And listeners of podcasts tend to be devoted to one show alone, and less likely to pay extra to sample other programs. And attempts to mix revenue streams — such as a metered paywall plus advertising — are harder to implement, both technologically and editorially, with podcasts than with news sites.

UP FOR DEBATE

In the Trump years, The New York Times became less dispassionate and more crusading, sparking a raw debate over the paper’s future (New York Magazine)

In June, #newsroom-feedback was created on The New York Times’s Slack account, giving employees a place to vent about Tom Cotton’s controversial op-ed that advocated for sending American troops to quell protests in U.S. cities. It was a mark of the ongoing shift that occurred at The Times during the Trump years, as people of color, particularly Black employees, fought against the overwhelming whiteness of both the paper’s staff and its readership. At the same time, a younger generation of “insurrectionists” showed less loyalty to the organization, and brought new ideas from their digital-first background to the newsroom. With Executive Editor Dean Baquet set to retire in 2022, the future leader of The Times will have to reckon with a media institution that may no longer be the paper of record.

SHAREABLE

Journalism has been disrupted. Can product thinking save it? (Knight Lab)

As media organizations have diversified their offerings in recent decades, product thinking has become a valuable skill in the newsroom. Product management in newsrooms is more complicated than in tech companies, since the products must also serve the editorial goals and maintain the ethical standards of the news organization. Focusing on journalism as a product means changing mindsets about who is at “the center” of the news organization, and being flexible enough to see opportunities when they arise.

+ Earlier: The News Product Alliance is charting the emergence of product roles in news organizations, and serving as a place for like-minded peers to collaborate (News Product Alliance)

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API and REJ to help publishers of color connect community listening and revenue

Borealis Philanthropy’s Racial Equity in Journalism Fund and the American Press Institute announced a partnership today to support publishers of color who want to explore how learning methods for listening and in-depth engagement with specific audience segments can lead to stronger journalism and new revenue streams.

Over the next year, API and REJ together will provide audience development research and coaching to four publishers of color through a new Listening & Sustainability Lab. Each participating organization in the cohort will receive specialized support along with peer-learning opportunities to build new audiences and identify new revenue streams through a community-centered process.

The Lab focuses on four main needs for developing and serving new audience segments in a sustainable manner. Participating publishers of color will receive:

• Guidance in assessing current and potential new audience segments
• Insights from human-centered design research about the information needs and concerns of a specific audience they want to reach
• Expert advising to identify and begin a community listening plan with that audience segment, and
• Coaching to explore and pursue revenue streams that support this kind of audience-centered journalism.

Along the way, the publishers will share with one another what they are learning, and API and REJ will share insights for the wider field.

“Publishers of color already tend to have deep relationships with their communities and audiences. But it’s just as important for them to know who they might be missing,” said Tracie Powell, program officer for REJ at Borealis Philanthropy. “We hope this initiative will support publishers in gaining a deeper understanding of who they’re reaching and who they aren’t. The lessons we hope to learn from this initiative will not only better inform the news organizations, but the entire journalism ecosystem.”

The pilot program, funded in part by the Robert R. McCormick Foundation, builds on success stories of audience-centered journalism and the revenue streams it empowers. Increasingly, news organizations are creating stronger journalism and finding new revenue possibilities through in-depth listening and relationship-building with community segments that they commit to better engage and serve. Grants, sponsorships, events and reader revenue are among the revenue sources that can grow out of successful strategies in community listening.

Documented, an REJ grantee and a participant in API’s 2019-20 Community Listening Fellowship, is one such publisher identifying how listening supports revenue. The nonprofit news site, which serves immigrants in New York City, developed two-way conversations with Spanish-speaking immigrants that help them focus their journalism on real needs and to steward their resources to meet those needs. These efforts have helped Documented pursue grants and fellowships that allow the organization to continue and expand this work.

Santa Cruz Local, a local news organization co-founded in 2019 by a woman of color, is another. The staff was skeptical of engagement at first. API sent an adviser to Santa Cruz Local to aid in this mindset shift. Since January, the team has interviewed and surveyed more than 700 Santa Cruz County residents about their priorities for the local elections. The team has since quickly attracted more than 600 paying members, describing listening sessions with different parts of their community as essential to their growth.

“We’ve seen in our adviser work how community listening can make a big impact — even more so during times of uncertainty and crisis,” said Amy L. Kovac-Ashley, vice president/senior director of the American Press Institute. “It helps build trust and makes journalists more knowledgeable about the information needs of various, specific segments of communities. We are grateful to bring what we have learned from this successful model of matching just-in-time advisers to our work with publishers of color.”

Michael Grant, whose GetCurrent Studio supports ethnic media publishers with technology transformation, will help manage the API-REJ partnership.

API is facilitating the program with project management by Michael Grant, a veteran journalist and founder of Get Current Studio. Grant’s studio supports ethnic media publishers through digital transformation and gives special attention to BIPOC-owned media that struggle with technology adoption.

API has expertise in audience research, community listening and revenue exploration. Its analytics and national audience research programs help journalists understand the qualities of journalism that inform audiences and develop loyalty. Its expert advising on both listening and sustainability have helped news organizations deepen relationships with communities and use data to refine revenue strategies. This year, with support from McCormick, API held a series of virtual events to help innovators in engagement and reader revenue understand the intersection of their work.

Borealis Philanthropy established the REJ Fund in 2019 to bolster the capacity and sustainability of news organizations led by people of color and partners in equity to increase civic engagement for communities of color. It is supporting grantees and other publishers of color by providing funding for the critical and sometimes overlooked needs of news organizations in a changing media landscape, such as business and organizational development. The REJ Fund also provides a space for publishers of color to learn from each other and collectively understand industry trends.

REJ and API are currently inviting publishers of color to apply for this opportunity. The program will start with an assessment of current and desired audiences before the end of 2020. In January 2021, API and Grant will support research of one specific audience segment chosen by the news organization. In spring 2021, publishers will begin working with experts on both listening and sustainability related to this audience, which will continue until approximately September 2021.

To further support participating publishers’ pursuit of new revenue, API and REJ will collaborate with the Revenue Lab at The Texas Tribune, a research and training center funded in part by the Facebook Journalism Project. The RevLab will lead coaching on revenue exploration that first considers the audiences publishers want to reach.

“As API has demonstrated so well, community listening fortifies a news organization’s relationship with its audience, but the benefits don’t end there,” said Rodney Gibbs, RevLab’s executive director. “An audience-centered approach to journalism also can lead to new revenue-generating products or processes. We’re excited to help publishers develop sustainable ways to address their audiences’ needs that generate revenue to fund their ongoing work.”

Questions about the program can be directed to listeninglab@pressinstitute.org.

The post API and REJ to help publishers of color connect community listening and revenue appeared first on American Press Institute.

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Need to Know: November 9, 2020

Fresh useful insights for people advancing quality, innovative and sustainable journalism 

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: Fox News was the last TV network to project Biden’s win in last week’s presidential election (The New York Times)

But did you know: With Trump’s loss, Murdoch’s Fox News faces wrath from the president and tough choices (NPR)

Last Tuesday, Fox News was the first major news outlet to call Arizona for Biden, and by Friday, anchors Bret Baier and Chris Wallace had pointed out that a win in Pennsylvania or another state would make the Democrat president-elect. That’s in contrast to Fox’s opinion shows, which spent days echoing the president’s unfounded voter fraud allegations. Hosts like Sean Hannity have played advisor roles to Trump, and they’ve also coordinated their coverage with the Republican party’s messaging. According to a memo reviewed by NPR, before Republican National Committee Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel appeared on a Hannity episode alleging voter fraud, a GOP memo outlined the contents of the show’s opening segment.

+ Related: Fox News issued memos instructing anchors to not refer to Biden as “president-elect,” but several used the term (CNN); Murdoch-owned outlets urged Trump to accept defeat with “grace and composure” (The Guardian)

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+ Noted: Colorado Community Media bought multiple Denver-area papers (The Colorado Independent); Guns and America ends its collaborative project (Twitter, @GunsReporting); Quartz co-founder to buy the site from Japanese media company Uzabase (The Wall Street Journal); Bloomberg launches streaming news channel (The Wall Street Journal)

API RESOURCES

Create metrics that reflect your values

API’s Metrics for News analytics software lets you create an Engagement Score — a single measure of engagement that blends many metrics together. See how we can help you get more from your metrics.

TRY THIS AT HOME

Text-to-speech articles create audio opportunity (Digital Content Next)

According to NPR and Edison Research, 75% of Americans listen to spoken-word audio every month, and 43% listen every day. This growing market has led to plans from publishers like The Washington Post to experiment with converting articles into audio formats. Earlier this year, The New York Times acquired an app called Audm, which produces audio versions of stories using voice actors. Listeners are more likely to finish listening to articles, while readers spent an average of two and a half minutes on text-based stories that received the most engaged time last year, according to Chartbeat.

OFFSHORE

New virtual work experience program connects students with freelance journalists (Journalism.co.uk)

When Freelancing for Journalists co-founder Lily Canter wanted to hire a summer intern for research help, she received 70 applications in a day. That interest led to the idea for a program that gives students and recent graduates the opportunity to assist freelancers and receive feedback to improve their skills. Interns can do research or other virtual work that involves multimedia journalism through the program, which has emerged as traditional newsroom internships have been hard to come by due to the pandemic.

OFFBEAT

Trump will lose his Twitter ‘public interest’ protections in January (The Verge)

On the social media platform, world leaders and other officials are allowed to post content that would otherwise break Twitter’s policies. However, the tech company has sometimes labeled tweets from Trump that contained misinformation or gloried violence, and Twitter has limited how far they can spread on the network. After he leaves office, Trump’s Twitter account will be subject to bans that apply to inciting violence and pushing inaccurate information about COVID-19. 

+ Related: Last week, Twitter permanently banned former White House chief strategist Steve Bannon for glorifying violence (CNN)

UP FOR DEBATE

The forecasts didn’t help us (On the Media)

University of North Carolina associate professor Zeynep Tufekci argues that forecasting models that rely on polling can falsely predict landslides, giving voters a false sense of certainty about what will happen. Polls also suffer from abysmal response rates — 3 to 6% — making them unreliable, which becomes especially problematic when people view them as scientific predictions similar to weather forecasting. Tufekci points out that polls are incorporated into election coverage, and research suggests that modeling actually impacts the actions of voters.

SHAREABLE

A ‘bridge between editorial, business and tech’ (News Product Alliance)

In September, the News Product Alliance launched in support of those who work in news product management, which aims to connect audience development, technology and revenue. In the group’s recent community survey, two-thirds of those who responded said that their positions didn’t exist five years ago, and about 90% said they’d held their position less than five years. Although some respondents came from journalism, others had backgrounds in data science or technology.

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Need to Know: November 6, 2020

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: Journalists can take steps to fight misinformation, avoid confusion and add context (American Press Institute)

But did you know: How to explain different types of problematic information that spread online (Twitter, @ftripodi)

As rumors and hoaxes swirl around the internet, sociologist and media scholar Francesca Tripodi lays out the differences between the various types of bad information online, with clear examples related to the election. For instance, polls that indicated a “blue wave” were wrong but not intentionally so, making them misinformation, while President Trump’s claims that he won the election were conscious lies, making them disinformation. Malinformation means distorting data about election counting, such as portraying swing states still counting ballots as an anomaly when most states are also still counting ballots. Media manipulation means pushing information about “the left stealing the election” so that it dominates results on social media, tempting journalists to cover a false narrative. All of these can be defined as problematic information.

+ Earlier: Methods manipulators use to deceive the media, and how journalists can fight back (American Press Institute)

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+ Noted: New York Times hits 7 million subscribers as digital revenue rises (The New York Times); Center for Cooperative Media presents online course in building community newsletters using basic automation (Twitter, @CenterCoopMedia); Online News Association announces new board of directors (Online News Association); Native American Journalism Association demands CNN apologize for using “something else” to describe Native voters (NAJA)

API UPDATE

In this week’s edition of ‘Factually’

The wait for final election results gives misinformers an opening, Facebook and Twitter quickly move to label Trump’s election fraud claims, and fact-checkers play whack-a-mole with COVID-19 vaccine rumors. Factually is a weekly newsletter produced by API and the Poynter Institute that covers fact-checking and misinformation.

+ Put later than usual results in context, and other guideposts for reporters covering the voting from API’s Trusted Elections Network.

TRY THIS AT HOME 

How journalists can earn trust by helping people navigate these post-election days (Twitter, @TrustingNews)

For everyone following the U.S. presidential election, including journalists, this week was filled with anxiety and uncertainty. In a Twitter thread, Trusting News runs through tips for local newsrooms to help relieve your audience’s stress. One is to have empathy, even when “the media” is criticized, by focusing on demonstrating your own newsroom’s credibility. Dive into your archives to show old posts that predicted a drawn-out counting process, which will provide both context and a consistent narrative. Explain how elections are called, meet myths with facts, explain your mission, participate in comments and remember to focus on the people you can reach.

OFFSHORE 

Chinese journalists sought freedom in the U.S. Now they’re in limbo. (The New York Times)

More than 100 Chinese journalists are caught in a dispute between Washington and Beijing over the rights of foreign journalists. America has put limits on the number of employees that Chinese state media can have in the U.S., while China has expelled 17 foreign journalists and frozen others’ credentials. Many of those journalists came to the U.S. to escape the harsh conditions of reporting in China, where leaders have demanded that journalists show complete loyalty to the Communist Party. The hassle now has some journalists considering changing jobs, saying “they are tired of being seen as spies and propaganda workers.”

+ U.S. election leads front pages around the world. Again. (Poynter)

OFFBEAT

Fake Twitter accounts posing as news organizations prematurely declare election victories (Wall Street Journal)

Several Twitter accounts, falsely branded as U.S. news organizations, falsely declared the winner of the presidential election on Wednesday, seemingly in an effort to inject disinformation into the online discussion. The accounts mostly mimicked the Associated Press, using the real AP hashtag #APracecall. Many of the accounts appear to be real accounts that had been hacked, with the account name and image changed to closely resemble AP accounts. It’s unclear who is behind the fake accounts.

+ Facebook has an internal metric for “violence and incitement trends.” It rose 45% this week. (BuzzFeed); TikTok takes down election misinformation aimed at younger users (TechCrunch)

UP FOR DEBATE

Election Day compounded an already trying year for journalists of color (Poynter)

In the days following the election, journalists of color are exhausted, writes Doris Truong. Following a summer of racial reckoning in newsrooms across the country, journalists of color are struggling with the emotional labor of explaining the nuances of race. Over the past few days, news organizations have quickly coalesced around a narrative that “Latino voters” swung towards President Trump, leaving it to journalists of color to explain the incredible diversity within Latino and Hispanic communities in the U.S.

SHAREABLE

Readers of this Los Angeles punk fanzine ‘sponsor’ subscriptions for their favorite businesses  (What’s New In Publishing)

The 20-year-old magazine Razorcake, a nonprofit, independent punk magazine, has managed to succeed for so long by putting its readership at the center of its business model. With a circulation of 6,000, as well as digital presence and a podcast, the niche publication survives through a variety of subscriptions, advertising and donations. One unique method of fundraising allows a reader to donate $150 and “sponsor” a subscription for a business or community space, such as a coffee shop or music venue. This not only helps small businesses that may not be able to afford a subscription, but also expands the visibility of the zine in friendly spaces.

FOR THE WEEKEND

+ “My North Star is really the low-information news consumer”: Peter Hamby hosts “Good Luck America” on Snapchat (The New York Times)

+ “Journalism is not for journalists. It’s for citizens”: Shirish Kulkarni explains why audiences are fed up with news and how journalists can re-engage with them  (Reuters Institute)

+ “Two very, very different companies”: Why CNN’s Great Big Story failed to survive (Digiday)

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