Need to Know: June 2, 2015

Fresh useful insights for people advancing quality, innovative and sustainable journalism

OFF THE TOP

You might have heard: Publishers sometimes delete posts after various pressures, such as when BuzzFeed deleted posts criticizing Microsoft, Pepsi and Axe after complaints from its business side

But did you know: Business Insider removed several posts after the author of a new biography on Elon Musk complained (New York Observer)
After receiving complaints from Ashlee Vance, a Bloomberg Businessweek reporter and author of a new Elon Musk biography, Business Insider removed several posts on Elon Musk from its site. Vance accused Business Insider of mining his book for blog posts. Now, clicking on the headlines of several posts leads to the Amazon page for the book instead of to the story. Vance says: “Everyone will do a post or two, but BI takes it to the next level. They were serializing the book in lots of little posts.”

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+ Noted: Re/code was valued between $15 and $20 million in the Vox deal and was projected to generate revenues of $12 million this year, most of which coming from its Code conference and events would be a new revenue stream for Vox (Business Insider); Gannett officially acquires 11 media organizations from Digital First Media (Gannett); Former Face the Nation host Bob Schieffer named Walter Shorenstein Media and Democracy Fellow and will study the 2016 presidential election (Shorenstein Center); Mashable moves into the branded video business with the hire of a reality TV veteran (Hollywood Reporter); Many of Medium’s sites are undergoing major changes as Medium wants to move into being a social network rather than a publishing platform (Business Insider); The number of individual donors to public radio stations dropped in 2014 by 2 percent, ending its five year growth streak (Current)

TRY THIS AT HOME

To fix the video discovery problem, a NYC-centric video platform is going local (Digiday)
As video continues to grow rapidly, getting audiences to discover videos is one of the biggest problems that remains. To overcome that problem, NYC.TV is trying to recreate public access TV by giving independent New York City-area video creators a place to promote and distribute their content. NYC.TV’s co-founder Kareem Ahmed says: “Just publishing a video is not enough to drive audience to it. There needs to be another layer of effort that becomes a part of the process.”

OFFSHORE

Why ‘most international news is no longer foreign news’ (BBC)
Lyse Doucet, BBC’s chief international correspondent, says that most international news stories are no longer foreign news. That’s because most of today’s “foreign” stories, such as the Ebola epidemic, have an impact on our societies. Doucet says: “Many major stories of our time … are not just about countries far from our shores,” an idea worth keeping in mind when reporting on international stories.

+ A look at how the BBC uses its mobile apps to build a global audience: Putting an emphasis on mobile means “making bespoke content that works for mobile first, before worrying about it how it works elsewhere” (TheMediaBriefing)

OFFBEAT

To resonate with audiences, understand their pain points (Inc.)
In describing how to be a “thought leader,” Peppercomm’s co-founder Steve Cody says you have to be focused on what problems keep your audiences up at night. To ensure your ideas connect with your audiences, start by proving that you know what problems your audience is facing and put forth a unique point of view on those problems. Once you’ve determined your point of view and the problems you’re tackling, be consistent in conveying that message.

UP FOR DEBATE

When publishers focus only on maintaining print, they’re missing out on opportunities for new business models (The Newspaper Works)
Simon Holt, managing editor of Australia’s Brisbane Times, says that when news organizations keep their focus on maintaining levels of print penetration, they’re missing out on huge opportunities for growth. As publishers move forward, Holt says publishers can choose to chase either audience or authority.  When publishers chase audiences, Holt says their strategy becomes, “Build the audience, and the quality will come,” and with authority, “Build a quality product, and the audience will come.”

+ Jay Rosen on why common campaign coverage makes citizens unhappy: Most campaign coverage isn’t created with citizens in mind (Medium)

SHAREABLE

Pew: 61 percent of Millennials get their political news from Facebook (Pew Research Center)
A new report from the Pew Research Center shows that Facebook is the main source of political news for Millennials, as well as Gen Xers. There’s an inverse for Baby Boomers: Millennials are less reliant on local TV for political news than Baby Boomers are, with 37 percent of Millennials seeing news there in any given week as compared to 60 percent of Baby Boomers. And while 61 percent of Millennials get political news from Facebook in any given week, just 39 percent of Baby Boomers got political news from Facebook.

+ Four journalism projects that let the audience determine what to cover, including Chicago’s public radio affiliate WBEZ’s Curious City: Anyone can put forth questions about Chicago, which are then voted on by the public, with the winning questions becoming the basis of reporting for WBEZ (International Journalists’ Network)

+ How Vanity Fair protected the Caitlyn Jenner story: The magazine worked on the story and pictures on a single computer that was never connected to the Internet, with the elements going onto a thumb drive each night and being deleted from the computer (Mashable)

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Hastert case shows it’s no time to cave on child sex trafficking

With former Republican House speaker J. Dennis Hastert under indictment over hush money to cover up the alleged sexual abuse of a minor while he was a high school wrestling coach, now is probably not the best time for House Republicans to be weakening proposed laws against sex trafficking of minors.

But that is exactly what the House GOP is apparently preparing to do.

In April, the Senate Finance Committee passed a bipartisan amendment to the Trade Promotion Authority authorization bill that denies “fast track” for any treaty with any country that the State Department says is not fighting the scourge of human slavery. The amendment, offered by Sen. Robert Menendez (D-N.J.), was approved by a vote of 16-10.

Now that amendment has become a problem for the Obama administration. Malaysia was recently declared by the State Department to be one of the world’s 23 worst offenders in turning a blind eye to slavery and sex trafficking within its borders. Malaysia also happens to be one of the 12 countries in the giant Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement that Obama is hoping to approve using new fast-track trade authority.

Awkward.

Every year, the State Department issues a Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report, which ranks countries on their efforts to combat human slavery and sex trafficking. Countries in Tier 1 are those that “fully comply” with the minimum standards outlined in the Trafficking Victims Protection Act, while countries in Tier 3 “do not fully comply with the minimum standards and are not making significant efforts to do so.” Malaysia is one of those countries.

After Malaysia was granted waivers in 2012 and 2013, the State Department determined that its government had made “limited and inadequate efforts to improve its flawed victim protection regime” and thus downgraded the country to Tier 3 status — placing it alongside Cuba, North Korea and Iran as one of the world’s worst countries for human slavery.

According to the report, Malaysia is a “transit country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and women and children subjected to sex trafficking.” The report notes that “A significant number of young foreign women are recruited ostensibly for legal work in Malaysian restaurants, hotels, and beauty salons, but are subsequently coerced into the commercial sex trade.” Instead of helping victims, the Malaysian government detains them for months and years, treating them as criminals. And the government identified fewer victims, conducted fewer investigations and reported fewer convictions in 2013 than it had the previous year.

In other words, Malaysia’s record on human slavery is getting worse, not better.

Now House Republicans are scrambling for a way to let Malaysia off the hook, so as not to delay the massive trade deal. House Ways and Means Committee chairman Paul Ryan (R-Wis.) is reportedly planning to use a low-profile customs enforcement bill to “fix” the anti-slavery provision.

In Washington parlance, “fix” means “gut” to the point that a provision is meaningless.

Under the so-called “fix,” a Tier 3 country can qualify for fast track if the secretary of state submits a waiver to Congress listing the “concrete actions to implement the principal recommendations in the most recent TIP report.” But the State Department’s Trafficking in Persons office has now declared for three years in a row that Malaysia has failed to implement those recommendations and that its performance is deteriorating, not improving. That office is supposed to be an independent body that bucks political pressure. For the secretary of state to now certify that Malaysia is improving would undermine the independence and credibility of the human trafficking office.

Here’s a better idea: Use the original Menendez amendment to pressure Malaysia to improve its record on human trafficking.

Congress recently reauthorized the Trafficking Victims Protection Act and passed the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act — a bill that President Obama signed into law this weekend. What kind of signal would it send if Congress now let one of the world’s worst offenders off the hook in order to clear the way for a massive trade agreement? Congress should stand with trafficking victims, not cover the tracks of the worst offenders.

But it seems like the fix is in. Even victim advocacy groups such as the Alliance to End Slavery and Trafficking appear to have been co-opted — their silence is notable. So has Sen. Ron Wyden (D-Ore.) and even Menendez.

But the “fix” can’t happen without House Republican leadership. Let’s hope that the Hastert scandal makes reform conservatives in the House have second thoughts. Morality in foreign policy should still be a conservative Republican value. And our responsibility to protect the vulnerable does not stop at the water’s edge.

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Monday evening links

1. Chart of the Day. The chart above shows the “other shale revolution” taking place in the oil-producing states that we don’t hear too much about – Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico and Oklahoma – where the combined oil production has doubled in the last three years to almost 1.5 million barrels per day in March, according to EIA data released last week. Some highlights of the new EIA state oil output report include: a) new all-time record highs in March for oil output in both Colorado and New Mexico, b) a 27-year high in March for Oklahoma’s oil production, c) a 31-year high in March for Utah, and d) the highest output in Wyoming in nearly 22 years in March. Carpe oleum

2. Markets in Everything: a) Airbnb for heavy equipment rental and b) “HyreCar” lets individuals rent out their personal cars to anyone who wants to work as a driver for Uber, Lyft.

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3. Venn Diagram of the Day (above). To disturb/intervene or not to disturb/intervene? (Ht/Morgan Frank)

4. Economic Facts of the Day: a) Airbnb approaches one million guests per night milestone and b) Since 2000, the number of Internet users worldwide has increased four-fold to 3.2 billion in 2015.

5. Crony Crapitalist of the Year Award: Elon Musk’s growing empire is fueled by nearly $5 billion in government subsidies stolen taxpayer dollars.

6. Hypocrite of the Year Award: Labor unions, who were among the strongest supporters of LA’s $15 per hour minimum wage approved last week by the Los Angeles City Council, are advocating last-minute changes to the law that could create an exemption for companies with unionized workforces. Reason? Concern for the poor? Nope, the exemption would allow labor officials to pressure companies into letting employees unionize as a way to seek relief from the mandated wage hike.

7. Minimum Wage Economics: a) “Raising minimum wage collides with a basic law of economics: the higher the cost of something the lower the demand,” says Steve Chapman and b) “In Seattle, small businesses are reporting what anyone with an understanding of markets would expect [following a minimum wage hike]: layoffs, closures and price hikes,” says Chantal Lovell. It’s not that hard to understand, is it? See video below for a tutorial on the economics of the minimum wage.

8. Drug War Updates: a) Jury Sends Message to Cops, Go Find REAL CRIMINALS, Acquits Nevada Medical Marijuana Patient in One Hour on Felony Charges for Growing Weeds to Treat Medical Condition , b) Drug War Police State Hits New Low: Sheriff’s Office Claims Infant (“Baby Bou-Bou”) Was at Fault for Georgia SWAT Team Blowing His Face Apart with Grenade, and c) Thanks in Part to the Drug War, US Police Have Used Deadly Force Against 477 Americans So Far This Year (more than 3 every day on average).

9. Why the American Dream is Unraveling in Four Charts. From Market Watch, see one of the four charts above showing how children of poorer, less educated parents with a high school diploma or less are about six times more likely to grow up in single-parent homes than children of better educated parents with a bachelor’s college degree or higher (about 65% vs. < 10%). (Ht/Morgan Frank)

10. Video of the Day. McDonald’s and the Minimum Wage. ‘The minimum wage law is not an employment law that says that everybody will be employed and they will be paid the minimum wage or higher, rather it is an unemployment law that says you cannot work unless your productivity is above X amount. These laws hurt the poor and unskilled more than anyone else.”

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Byron and Barone: GOP field grows as Hillary hones her coalition

Washington Examiner columnists discuss the size of the Republican presidential field and the latest for the Hillary campaign.

Byron & Barone: GOP field grows as Hillary hones her coalition

This video was reposted with permission from Washington Examiner and can be found here. For more videos from Washington Examiner, visit the website here.

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Time to test incentives to increase organ donation

This Invited Commentary discusses the effectiveness of state policies to encourage organ donation and transplantation in the United States.

In 1987, when the United Network for Organ Sharing began keeping records, there was a gap between supply of organs and demand. With time, that gap has become a chasm. Last year, more than 120 000 people were in need of a kidney, liver, heart, or lung; roughly 7000 of them died while waiting.

 Access the paper.

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Public opinion on same-sex marriage: Anatomy of a change

Read the Report

When the National Opinion Research Center asked the first question on same-sex marriage in 1988, only 12 percent agreed that homosexual couples should have the right to marry one another. In 2014, 56 percent gave that response. Other long trends on the topic confirm a pattern of increasing support for same-sex marriage over the past two decades, though levels of support vary. Favorable opinions initially surpassed unfavorable between 2010 and 2012 in most polls, and have continued to be the greater response, as this Special Poll Report shows. This report also looks at how public opinion on same-sex marriage differs between generations, partisans, religious groups, and states.

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Red tape comes to charter schooling

Charter schools may be the nearest thing to a “safe” 21st-century school reform. Other contenders — such as school vouchers, teacher evaluation, school accountability, or the Common Core — have proven more contentious. Thus, it’s no great surprise that just about every would-be school reformer has climbed on the charter-school bandwagon . . . albeit, in their own fashion.

Popularity can be a great blessing. It has helped usher in a wave of extraordinary charter-school growth, with more than 6,000 charters across the U.S. enrolling more than 2 million students. More than a million more students are on waiting lists. Popularity does have its downside, however. The peril of popularity is that when everyone likes charter schools, supporters will include well-meaning technocrats who think they can impose just the right kind of regulation and bureaucracy to make charter schooling work even better (despite the evidence of decades of mandated mediocrity).

It’s important to understand that charter schools are “authorized” and then monitored by a state-approved authorizer. Depending on the state, authorizers can be local school boards, the state board of education, special state boards, universities, or any other entity approved by the legislature.

The American Enterprise Institute recently issued a new study on the state of charter-school authorizing. It found that, across the country, well-meaning authorizers and legislators have larded up charter applications with onerous, pointless requirements that can make it inordinately difficult to launch new schools. Analyzing each element of the applications used by 40 major authorizers makes clear that nearly a quarter of the requirements were clearly excessive, and that more than half could be usefully trimmed.

Authorizers could shorten the average application by at least one-third without sacrificing their ability to ensure quality — saving applicants more than 700 hours of work and months of time. In fact, if one peruses the World Bank’s “Ease of Doing Business” rankings, it’s easier to open a new enterprise in Cambodia, Equatorial Guinea, or Venezuela than it is a charter school in New York.

If all of this red tape were about ensuring that charter schools are academically successful, that would be one thing. But it’s not. Rather, applications require the regulatory authorizers to second-guess everything from marketing strategies to peer-mentoring plans. Utah’s charter board, for example, has a detailed rubric for scoring a school’s plan for its library. Colorado’s board wants schools to detail what they will do if a child forgets his or her lunch. Nevada requires a 50-page narrative to be appended to its application.

The risk is that authorizing mushrooms beyond a lean quality-control function, with authorizers gradually bringing to charter schooling the same bureaucratic dysfunction that has bedeviled traditional district schools. Charter schooling would be better served if authorizers played a more limited and disciplined role. They should:

Establish clear performance benchmarks and hold schools accountable for meeting them.

Review applicants’ governance, organizational, financial, and academic proposals to judge whether they are capable of meeting the agreed-upon goals.

Ensure that schools comply with all applicable laws and conform to norms of financial management.

Strive to be parsimonious in their applications by asking only for necessary information.

These ideas are not new. In fact, they hew to the vision of charter schooling first sketched out more than a quarter-century ago. Perhaps unsurprisingly, some charter-school proponents have complained that such a vision of authorizing role is insufficiently ambitious. These critics say it is important for authorizers to demand demographic and market analyses, thinking it vital that schools “prove” there is a market for their services before being allowed to open in a community.

There’s a natural, reasonable desire to minimize the chance that a school won’t find a clientele. The trick is that a host of enterprises are always scrambling, with little success, to predict such things. Many major corporations have expensive market-research departments (or contract with specialized providers) and yet, in recent decades, we still had to suffer though Crystal Pepsi, Pepsi Blue, Sprite Remix, Dr Pepper Red Fusion, Citra, Vault, 7-Up Gold, and Coca-Cola Blak. And that’s just a partial list of failures in sugary soft drinks, a fairly simple venture that’s been around since the 1880s.

Charter schooling has been around since only the early 1990s, and charter boards don’t have anywhere near the resources that huge market-research firms have. Believing that enough second-guessing will render things safe and predictable shows a remarkable faith in the healing properties of bureaucracy.

No raindrop thinks that it is responsible for the flood. The sclerotic state of schools today is the result of generations of well-meaning people imposing just a couple more regulations and requirements on schools. Charter schools were supposed to be a break from that.

All of this is to say that charter authorizers have a terrifically important and defined role, and they should focus on doing that well. They should make sure that a new school’s academic instructional model, staff, operational plan, and governance are sound. They can and should do all that, aggressively. But omniscience is in short supply. It’s another thing, entirely, to ask authorizers to lend an unsteady, inexpert hand to micromanaging charter schools. We’ve already had a lot of experience with that model. We call it “the great American school district,” and the record hasn’t impressed.

 

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Imprisoned Iranian cleric’s wife writes intelligence minister

Mehdi Karroubi, long a stalwart of Islamic Republic politics, twice was speaker of parliament (1989-1992, 2000-2004) and subsequently stood twice for president, facing Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the eventual victor, both in 2005 and 2009. In 2005 he went to sleep with results showing him in first place, but when he woke up he was in third—and eliminated. After he subsequently alleged irregularities, Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei chided him. In the 2009 elections, widely acknowledged by many Iranians, analysts, and the international press to be fraudulent, he came in fourth place out of four, with less than one percent of the vote. For Ahmadinejad the 2009 elections were a Pyrrhic victory: he won an election but largely lost legitimacy. Karroubi, on the other hand, became a symbol of relative integrity in defeat. And, with his political career largely over and therefore less willing to self-censor, he became a greater threat to the regime.

In the wake of the 2009 post-election unrest, Karroubi spoke out against detainee sexual abuse, earning him both further reprimands from ruling authorities and attacks from Basij paramilitaries and vigilantes, who, on various occasions, fired shots at and vandalized his property. After the outbreak of Arab Spring protests in Tunisia and Egypt and fearing that similar protests could erupt in Iran, Iranian security forces arrested not only Karroubi, but also Mir-Hossein Mousavi, a former prime minister and unsuccessful 2009 presidential candidate, and his wife, Zahra Rahnavard. Charged initially with Mofsed-e-filarz (being “corrupt on earth”), a capital crime in Iran, the three were ultimately sentenced to house arrest on lesser charges. They were, however, still subject to abuse by the Intelligence Ministry.

Many Iranians hoped that the situation for the detained reform-minded politicians would change after Hassan Rouhani’s 2013 election. After all, he projected an image of moderation, and many analysts argued that his first-round victory was the result of capturing the hopes of reform-minded Iranians. The excerpted article, describing and reproducing an open letter from Karroubi’s wife, herself a former parliamentarian, to the intelligence minister suggests, however, that nothing has changed. Karroubi (and his associates) are still under house arrest and suffer arbitrary abuse four years after their detention. This suggests that Rouhani either has been powerless to effect change or, more likely since the intelligence minister is his own appointee, simply is disinterested in the cause of reform now that he has won his election.

Iranian authorities may also be concerned that the unrest which marked the disputed 2009 election may not be far from the surface, and so the continued arrest of reformist leaders is warranted. Regardless, it seems Rouhani’s reformism has not met the hopes of many who saw in him a possibility for change.

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The threat of Eurasian terrorism: A tinderbox waiting for a match

Nearly two years after Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev terrorized Boston with a pair of homemade bombs, Dzhokhar has been sentenced to death. Much of the trial focused on his brother’s connections to the Caucasus Emirate (IK), a jihadist organization based in the North Caucasus – a historically tumultuous and Muslim-dominated region in southern Russia. Today, members of the IK, along with disaffected citizens from the Caucasus and Central Asia, have abandoned the fight at home to join ISIS, resulting in a notable decline in terrorist violence in the North Caucasus. However, these emboldened militants could soon return from the Middle East, rekindling the threat of terrorism in the post-Soviet world.

Regional authorities speculate that ISIS might soon attempt to establish a “Northern front” in the North Caucasian republic of Dagestan. Eurasian Muslims (particularly migrant workers from Central Asia), disgruntled by political, religious, and economic disenfranchisement at home and abroad, are heeding ISIS’s call to arms in increasingly large numbers. In a widely cited January report, the International Crisis Group estimated that between 2,000 and 4,000 Central Asians have left their home countries to fight for ISIS. The following month, Russian officials announced that 1,700 Russian nationals, mostly Chechens, have joined the group as well.

The exodus of militants from the post-Soviet region to the Middle East (along with Russia’s heavy-handed counterterrorism tactics ahead of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi) has severely weakened the Caucasus Emirate’s ability to inflict damage on the Russian state. Let the numbers speak for themselves: In 2010, 1,705 people were killed or wounded due to terrorism in the North Caucasus, compared to 1,225 in 2012, 986 in 2013, and 525 in 2014. Furthermore, Russian security forces recently killed IK Emir Aliaskhab Kebekov. Kebekov had tried to steer IK militants away from ISIS, condemning defectors as traitors. With him gone, some analysts predict that the IK will lose even more fighters to ISIS in the coming months.

Although the North Caucasus has restabilized over the past year and a half due to the IK’s weakened state, we are witnessing only the eye of the storm. In the long term, ISIS poses a very real security threat to the post-Soviet region. Some of the Eurasian militants fighting with the Islamist group will eventually return home, battle-hardened and more resolved than ever. Regional governments have responded by attacking moderate Islam and political opposition in the name of counterterrorism, as has been seen in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Russian-annexed Crimea. These repressive policies are backfiring and pushing otherwise non-radical Muslims to engage in Islamist violence.

Extremism is not a self-containing phenomenon – it spreads like a disease. The Boston Marathon bombings demonstrated all too painfully the threat that Eurasia-based Islamism poses not just to the Caucasus and Central Asia, but also to the United States. If and when Eurasian ISIS militants return home from the frontlines in the Middle East, international attention will need to be paid to the post-Soviet world – a tinderbox just waiting for a match.

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Iran’s Supreme Leader speaks on police and security

When it comes to maintaining domestic security, the Islamic Republic relies not only on the Basij, a paramilitary organization now folded into the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), but also the Law Enforcement Forces, an often equally paramilitary national police force. In the excerpted address given to leaders of the Law Enforcement Forces, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei exposes many of the social vulnerabilities which he fears could erode the success and religious character of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Khamenei acknowledges major problems with drug use, rape, and sexual harassment, and complains about Iranian youth partying illegally. Here, paranoia infuses the ayatollah’s remarks, as he suggests a plot afoot in which “certain centers” purposely try to separate good Muslim youth from God. In this implication he is voicing a similar belief to that which has been propagated in the Sunni world by more radical factions of the Muslim Brotherhood and by Salafi clerics in Saudi Arabia, who denounce manifestations of Western culture permeating the Middle East as a deliberate plot to undermine Islam. Of additional concern to Khamenei is the behavior of the nouveau-riche who “get into expensive and fashionable cars and mess around on the streets.” Not addressed directly, but underlying this statement, is his concern that the families of these ostentatious youth have achieved their material success based on their connections to or participation in the government of the Islamic Republic.

Because of these myriad challenges, Khamenei charges the police not only with enforcing criminal codes, but also with promoting Islam. The Law Enforcement Forces may not, in theory, be as tied to religion as the Basij within the IRGC, but if Khamenei’s speech is any indication, that will soon change. Faced with a disenfranchised youth, it appears Khamenei could be setting the stage for a renewed cultural revolution.

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